abstract：:In this study, 12 male baboons were delivered by hysterotomy at 75% of gestation. The development of a nonlethal baboon model permitted a study of lung growth and development in long-term survivors. Control animals were ventilated with clinically appropriate oxygen for the 21 d study period. BPD animals were ventilate...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Coalson JJ,Winter V,deLemos RA

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four hundred forty-one subjects 34 to 69 yr of age were recruited from a random sample of the community. The sample was biased in favor of men, snorers, and subjects with subjective sleep complaints. They answered a questionnaire and were monitored in their homes for sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). This report conce...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Olson LG,King MT,Hensley MJ,Saunders NA

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A growing body of evidence suggests that neutrophil-derived proteinases play a major role in lung tissue damage in cystic fibrosis (CF). Most previous studies have focused on serine proteinases such as neutrophil elastase, providing no information on the extent to which metalloproteinases participate in proteolytic pr...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Delacourt C,Le Bourgeois M,D'Ortho MP,Doit C,Scheinmann P,Navarro J,Harf A,Hartmann DJ,Lafuma C

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanical ventilation may promote overdistension-induced pulmonary lesions in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The static pressure-volume (P-V) curve of the respiratory system can be used to determine the lung volume and corresponding static airway pressure at which lung compliance begins to ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Roupie E,Dambrosio M,Servillo G,Mentec H,el Atrous S,Beydon L,Brun-Buisson C,Lemaire F,Brochard L

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is increasingly used in the pediatric age group. However, normal values for BAL fluid (BALF) constituents are lacking. As part of an investigation to define reference values in children, we studied lymphocyte surface markers of BALF in 28 children 3 to 16 yr of age without bronchopulmonary...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Ratjen F,Bredendiek M,Zheng L,Brendel M,Costabel U

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Airway obstruction (AO) in exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is considered a postexercise phenomenon. However, many with EIA complain of respiratory distress during exercise. We evaluated AO in six asthmatic subjects during a short (SX = 6 min) and a long (LX = 20 min) exercise session. We measured peak expiratory flow (P...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Suman OE,Babcock MA,Pegelow DF,Jarjour NN,Reddan WG

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this prospective study was to determine factors influencing effects of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) on the pulmonary circulation and on gas exchange in critically ill patients with acute lung injury. Twenty-one hypoxemic patients with acute respiratory failure (PaO2 = 127 +/- 69 mm Hg during intermittent posit...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Puybasset L,Rouby JJ,Mourgeon E,Cluzel P,Souhil Z,Law-Koune JD,Stewart T,Devilliers C,Lu Q,Roche S

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The severity of breathlessness at given degrees of airway obstruction varies between patients with asthma. It has been postulated that the symptoms during bronchoconstriction are determined in part by involvement of airway inflammation. We compared the severity of breathlessness at various degrees of acute airway obst...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Sont JK,Booms P,Bel EH,Vandenbroucke JP,Sterk PJ

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the development and course of impaired ventilatory function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) required further study. This role has been examined in the longitudinal Tucson Epidemiological Study of Airways Obstructive Disease, which started in 1972. The association ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Sherrill DL,Lebowitz MD,Halonen M,Barbee RA,Burrows B

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Controversy exists regarding the clinical utility of pleural fluid pH, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glucose for identifying complicated parapneumonic effusions that require drainage. In this report, we performed a meta-analysis of pertinent studies, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) techniques, to asse...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Heffner JE,Brown LK,Barbieri C,DeLeo JM

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of cigarette smoking and smoking cessation on rate of FEV1 decline over 6 yr were examined in 4,451 Japanese-American men from the Honolulu Heart Program who were 45 to 68 yr of age at baseline (1965-1968). Within-person regression was used to calculate annual change in FEV1. Rates of FEV1 decline varied stron...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Burchfiel CM,Marcus EB,Curb JD,Maclean CJ,Vollmer WM,Johnson LR,Fong KO,Rodriguez BL,Masaki KH,Buist AS

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated whether cephalometric measurements, nocturnal indices of negative intrathoracic pressure, or the frequency of sleep-related breathing disorders were related to the level of effective continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We examined 22 OSA patients w...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Sforza E,Krieger J,Bacon W,Petiau C,Zamagni M,Boudewijns A

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allergen inhalation challenge is associated with increases in eosinophil number and activation, and provides a useful model for investigating airway inflammation in asthma. Limited information, however, is available on the effect of allergen challenge on cytokines regulating eosinophil function. We investigated allerg...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Woolley KL,Adelroth E,Woolley MJ,Ellis R,Jordana M,O'Byrne PM

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine whether the diagnostic yield of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) improves over time and to obtain insights about factors influencing its performance, we reviewed our experience during a 3-yr period. After serial multifaceted educational interventions directed toward bronchoscopists and their techni...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Haponik EF,Cappellari JO,Chin R,Adair NE,Lykens M,Alford PT,Bowton DL

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In normal airways, invasion of small numbers of pathogenic bacteria will not give rise to injury or local colonization. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, however, local conditions are changed, which may impair local defense systems and facilitate infection. These include: (1) factors promoting bacterial adhere...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Jansen HM,Sachs AP,van Alphen L

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calculation of diurnal peak expiratory flow (PEF) variability using values before and after bronchodilator is no longer possible for many asthmatic patients because they now use beta-agonists "as needed" for symptoms rather than regularly. This study assesses the usefulness of a number of alternative PEF indices as ma...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Reddel HK,Salome CM,Peat JK,Woolcock AJ

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma in children and young adults is strongly associated with immediate hypersensitivity to indoor allergens, notably those derived from the house dust mite. In addition, outdoor air pollution is considered to aggravate existing asthma. We investigated the prevalence of asthma and the pattern of allergen sensitizati...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Sporik R,Ingram JM,Price W,Sussman JH,Honsinger RW,Platts-Mills TA

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Snoring and sleeping apnea are reportedly associated with morbidity. We used home monitoring (MESAM IV) to measure snoring and sleep apnea in 294 men aged 40 to 65 yr from the volunteer register of the Busselton (Australia) Health Survey. In this group, 81% snored for more than 10% of the night and 22% for more than h...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Bearpark H,Elliott L,Grunstein R,Cullen S,Schneider H,Althaus W,Sullivan C

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Allergen inhalation causes airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation in dogs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness is associated with increases in oxygen radical production from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells. A group of 10 random-source dogs were ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Stevens WH,Inman MD,Wattie J,O'Byrne PM

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibrosing alveolitis may occur alone (CFA) or in association with systemic sclerosis (FASSc). FASSc was recently shown to have a prognostic advantage over CFA. Because interleukin-8 (IL-8) is likely to be a major determinant of neutrophil alveolitis, we evaluated IL-8 expression in patients with CFA and FASSc and comp...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Southcott AM,Jones KP,Li D,Majumdar S,Cambrey AD,Pantelidis P,Black CM,Laurent GJ,Davies BH,Jeffery PK

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral respiratory tract infections are associated with an acute increase in airway responsiveness in normal subjects and patients with asthma. Airway responsiveness is also increased at least transiently in animals during acute viral infections. In this article, we discuss possible mechanisms whereby viral infections ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hegele RG,Hayashi S,Hogg JC,Paré PD

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In many countries the majority of patients with asthma are now treated with inhaled beta 2-agonists as required and regular inhaled steroids. Compliance with asthma medication is poor, particularly for inhaled steroids, which do not give immediate relief of symptoms. An inhaler combining a beta 2-agonist and a steroid...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Barnes PJ,O'Connor BJ

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute sustained hypoxia causes an early rise in ventilation, followed by a reduction in ventilation ("roll off") after several minutes to levels below the peak but above baseline. The underlying mechanism(s) of this biphasic response is unclear. Hypoxia induces changes in the release and metabolic turnover of glutamat...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Soto-Arape I,Burton MD,Kazemi H

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The early stage of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is thought to involve a smaller number of alveoli and to be characterized predominantly by cellularity and minimal fibrosis, whereas advanced disease involves a large number of alveoli and is characterized predominantly by fibrosis with minimal cellularity. In add...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Cherniack RM,Colby TV,Flint A,Thurlbeck WM,Waldron JA Jr,Ackerson L,Schwarz MI,King TE Jr

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Airway inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a ligand for lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 alpha (LFA-1 alpha) and has been shown to be required for leukocyte migration into inflamed area. The purpose of this report was to investigate th...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Nagase T,Fukuchi Y,Matsuse T,Sudo E,Matsui H,Orimo H

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to examine the dose-dependence of the airway response to animal allergens we performed environmental challenges on 17 workers with documented IgE-mediated allergic reactions to laboratory rats. The 1-h environmental challenges were conducted in a vivarium during cage cleaning (high-allergen challenge), quiet ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Eggleston PA,Ansari AA,Adkinson NF Jr,Wood RA

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously reported differential impairment of pulmonary and systemic vascular contractility in hyperdynamic sepsis. The objectives of this study were (1) to determine whether the magnitude of this phenomenon depends on the control group chosen for comparison, and (2) to examine the role of nitric oxide (NO) i...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Yaghi A,Paterson NA,McCormack DG

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If lipid peroxidation (LP) contributes to organ dysfunction in sepsis rather than simply reflecting established injury, it should occur soon after the onset of the septic insult, and it may not progress uniformly in all organs. We assessed whether LP occurs within 90 min after onset of continuous intravenous endotoxin...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Clements NC Jr,Habib MP

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We determined if pulmonary peptidoleukotrienes contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic lung disease of extreme prematurity (CLD) by measuring urinary leukotriene E4 (uLTE4). Study patients had a birth weight < 1000 g and were about 28 d old when they were classified as normal control subjects (n = 8) or as having CL...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Davidson D,Drafta D,Wilkens BA

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large pleural effusions are typically associated with dyspnea and potential respiratory compromise. Experimental evidence suggests that with large effusions, increased intrapleural pressure may be transmitted to the pericardial space, resulting in impaired cardiac filling and reduced stroke volume. We report two cases...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kaplan LM,Epstein SK,Schwartz SL,Cao QL,Pandian NG

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the status of activation of lymphocytes and the role of cytokines on the inflammatory response of the bronchial mucosa in toluene diisocyanate (TDI) asthma, we performed a quantitative analysis of bronchial biopsies obtained from 15 subjects with TDI-induced asthma and seven normal control subjects. Marke...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Maestrelli P,di Stefano A,Occari P,Turato G,Milani G,Pivirotto F,Mapp CE,Fabbri LM,Saetta M

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tracheal and lung parenchymal SP-LI (substance P-like immunoreactivity) and VIP-LI (vasoactive intestinal peptide-like immunoreactivity) content was measured in HPLC-purified tissue extracts from patients with and without asthma. We detected significantly less SP-LI in tracheal tissue from asthmatic than from nonasthm...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Lilly CM,Bai TR,Shore SA,Hall AE,Drazen JM

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We surveyed pulmonologists to determine which procedures they do in practice, where they learned the procedures, and how much training they recommend to attain and maintain clinical competence in each. We mailed a survey to a random sample of 1,000 members of the American College of Physicians who were identified as p...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Tape TG,Blank LL,Wigton RS

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthmaexpert, an expert system (ES), was produced at the special request of several clinicians in order to better understand the medical decisions made clinical experts in managing an asthmatic patient. We describe and evaluate this knowledge base, focusing mainly on assessment of the severity of asthma. After compili...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Redier H,Daures JP,Michel C,Proudhon H,Vervloet D,Charpin D,Marsac J,Dusser D,Brambilla C,Wallaert B

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Normative spirometric values were derived from 5,042 white (of mainly European ancestry) and black (of mainly African ancestry) men and women paper plant workers who are never-smokers, with no respiratory symptoms or diagnoses and no history of occupational exposure to fibrogenic dusts or irritant chemicals. This coho...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Glindmeyer HW,Lefante JJ,McColloster C,Jones RN,Weill H

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Knowledge of the local and regional doses of inhaled particulates is crucial for inhalation therapy and for understanding the progression of pulmonary disease. We studied the deposition pattern of radioactively tagged particles in rats with chronic bronchitis. Rats were exposed to sulfur dioxide (SO2; 236 +/- 14 ppm) ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Sweeney TD,Skornik WA,Brain JD,Hatch V,Godleski JJ

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to clarify the influence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) on cough threshold in patients with digestive symptoms but free from respiratory involvement. Of 57 consecutive subjects referred for 24-h esophageal pH monitoring because of digestive reflux symptoms, 29 patients free from respiratory...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Ferrari M,Olivieri M,Sembenini C,Benini L,Zuccali V,Bardelli E,Bovo P,Cavallini G,Vantini I,Lo Cascio V

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of nitric oxide (NO) and aerosolized terbutaline inhalation on ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) distributions were determined during methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in nine mechanically ventilated pigs. Animals inhaled, in random order, zero, 20, and 80 parts per million (ppm) of NO or aerosolized terbuta...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Putensen C,Räsänen J,López FA

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In humans, respiratory viral infections lead to increased airway responsiveness and exacerbations of asthma. In the present study, the role of interleukin-5 (IL-5) in virus-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation was examined in guinea pigs. In animals treated with control antibody, parainfluenza-3 virus s...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： van Oosterhout AJ,van Ark I,Folkerts G,van der Linde HJ,Savelkoul HF,Verheyen AK,Nijkamp FP

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on pulmonary function were investigated in a random sample of 1,033 adults aged 40 to 69 yr from a residential area in Beijing. Compared with those not exposed, those exposed to ETS either at home or at work were associated with a 102-ml (SE = 40 ml) reducti...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Xu X,Li B

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00